Removal Request. To understand the ultimate purpose of terrorism, this essay will be looking at the concept of terrorism and why violence has to be used to prove a point in a state. Western countries have been a major target by the militants who have come up in the name of protecting the Islamic religion. The social effects of terrorism activities include the depression of the affected individuals who feel that they lack security. By international terrorism essay beginning of the XXI century, the number of victims, international terrorism essay, as well as size and nature of destruction caused by attacks have become comparable to the effects of armed conflicts and local wars. Impact of International Terrorism on Indonesia Words 3 Pages 8 Works Cited.
International Terrorism
During the last decades, the entire world has experienced effects of globalization. In addition to the undeniable benefits, this process generates many social and political crises, international terrorism essay, contradictions, and conflicts, with one of the ways to solve them becoming terrorism. The modern study of terrorism and its causes is in close contact with the study of the process of globalization. Indeed, international terrorism essay, globalization has spread to all spheres of public life, international terrorism essay, from economics and philosophy to culture and sports, and there is no area of life that would not have felt its impact.
Moreover, both positive and negative phenomena have also become of a global nature, including terrorism. In particular, terrorism has evolved into a global problem in the late XIX — early XX centuries Coolsaet It has become a weapon and a force of destruction and intimidation in the eternal and irreconcilable antagonism between different worlds, cultures, ideologies, religions, and philosophies. Terrorism has become number one problem of the modernity by being a dangerous, complex, and unpredictable threat to the humanity, which contributes to the relevance of the topic of the essay.
Therefore, the following work is dedicated to the study of the phenomenon of terrorism on a global scale and discussion of ways to combat it. In the era of globalization, fears of many countries, as well as religious and social groups are caused by the erasure of mental, social, religious, economic, and political boundaries between nations. People may organize extremist groups of a terrorist nature with anti-globalization and anti-Western orientation. The same effect can be achieved by the sense of danger of the destruction of religion, culture, language, and development of the axes of confrontation between developed countries of the West, such as America, and the Third World, international terrorism essay. Therefore, the international terrorist activity has several trends.
First of all, terrorism becomes a dangerous obstacle international terrorism essay the solution of social, ethnic, religious, and international conflicts. It negates all political and legal guarantees and paralyzes relations between states, nations, international terrorism essay, religions, social groups, political parties, and non-governmental organizations. By being combined with the organized crime and with such kinds of illegal and immoral acts like drug trafficking, prostitution, slavery, and organization of extremist armed groups, terrorist crimes are becoming more sophisticated and brutal Coolsaet In turn, the humanity becomes more vulnerable. A distinctive feature of modern terrorism as a global issue is blurring of boundaries between domestic and international terrorism.
In particular, terrorists are increasingly penetrating into regions of other countries. For example, in Chechnya there was observed presence of citizens from other countries who were providing assistance to rebels Medina and Hepner Many militants involved in terrorist activities in any state are trained in their criminal activities in international terrorism essay and bases of a foreign state or group of states. They also get necessary material and technical assistance and policy direction from there, as well as spiritual support of extremist religious educational institutions. Often, they are supported by government structures of such unfriendly countries, which have a desire to implement their geopolitical interests for example, to create a pan-Islamic state Medina and Hepner They use tactics of provocation of interethnic and international terrorism essay conflict, a revolutionary sentiment to overthrow unwanted authorities primarily by ideological and information processing, which sometimes develops into an information war.
Besides, terrorists cooperate with international extremist sectarian groups and associations. Therefore, international terrorism essay, a man who has lost confidence in his traditional religion, but without losing faith in God begins to seek intercession and spiritual support from sectarians. However, he international terrorism essay simply support them without becoming a member of the sect. By rejecting everything that is associated with their previous outlook and actively absorbing a new, in their opinion, faith and views, people do not notice that they become puppets in the hands of terrorists and extremists Lutz and Lutz In order to commit their criminal acts on both international and regional levels, terrorists are becoming better equipped in terms of resources, as well as tactical, organizational, technical, and informational aspects.
Nowadays, terrorist groups rarely take responsibility for attacks, which are becoming more widespread, cruel, inhuman, and bloody Medina and Hepner As a result, both persons and society as a whole feel being increasingly exposed to the danger as there is a feeling of fear and anxiety even in situations when nothing portends tragedy. However, terrorists are becoming increasingly unscrupulous, choosing for their crimes places that many consider sacred: in different parts of international terrorism essay world explosions occur in churches of various denominations, burial sites, and memorials. Despising life of the people of a certain nation, denomination, and social group, terrorists seek to show their hatred of religion, culture, history, and everything that is treated with reverence and respect.
The cult of violence develops, resulting in devaluing of human life and growth of cruelty, cynicism, and mutual hatred Coolsaet Victims of violence often want revenge and retaliation, which are sometimes no less inhuman, international terrorism essay, thus endangering innocent people. In this case, political, legal, and social guarantees are often sidelined and conflicts are resolved by violent means. Moreover, response of the state is not always appropriate in terms of the world standards of humanism and democracy, international terrorism essay. Judging by the provided facts, it is possible to say that the problem of combating international terrorism is multifaceted and international terrorism essay no simple solutions.
First of all, it is clear that terrorists have created a powerful and extensive network of criminal organizations around the world. In this regard, the fight against terrorism requires organized and coordinated efforts of all members of the international community, international terrorism essay. Second, terrorist networks and organizations do not arise without a reason, international terrorism essay. Communication channels to smuggle people and weapons across borders that are at the disposal of organized criminal groups who are not engaged in extremist activities are often used by terrorists Nesi Moreover, such groups often use techniques of organizations involved in drug trafficking in their work.
This fact indicates that the problem of international terrorism cannot be solved in isolation from addressing issues of drug and human trafficking as well as of the organized crime in general Nesi Therefore, a single country cannot fully address these problems. As noted above, it is necessary to combine efforts of members of the global society to international terrorism essay causes of terrorism and minimize their effect. Elimination of reasons that push people to aid terrorist organizations is a complex task that will require joint efforts of all members of the international community. In particular, it is required to narrow the social soil of terrorism: unemployment, poverty, illiteracy, and various forms of discrimination Nesi In conclusion, it is possible to say that the international terrorism has become one of the most dangerous threats to modern civilization.
It has its own specificity, which distinguishes it from other issues. However, the problem of terrorism is closely linked to the majority of global problems of modern international relations. Recent terrorist acts, especially the tragic events of September 11, in New York, have become unprecedented in their scope and impact on the future course of the world politics. By the beginning of the XXI century, the number of victims, as well as size and nature of destruction caused by attacks have become comparable to the effects of armed conflicts and local wars. Responses caused by these attacks have led to the creation of an international coalition against terrorism with dozens of states as its members Nesi Such events have previously occurred only in case of major armed conflicts and wars, international terrorism essay.
International terrorism essay antiterrorist military operations have also acquired a global scale, but the most efficient ways of eradication of this phenomenon are still being determined by the international community although a significant amount of work on resolving this problem has been done. However, it should be noted that the extent of the spread of terrorism has taken such a nature that no country in the world has full protection from the commission of terrorist acts on its territory. In this regard, along with the most efficient domestic measures international terrorism essay at preventing terrorist activities, it is necessary to consider the problem on a global scale and thus develop a international terrorism essay to combat it.
Without close international cooperation between all subjects international terrorism essay international life, the future of the humanity is unlikely to be safe and peaceful. Nov 14, international terrorism essay, in Analysis. Leadership Style of Hillary Clinton. Iranian Cinema Before and After the Revolution Essay. Great Pyramids versus Nanna Ziggurat Character Analysis of Jerry in President Cleveland, Where are You? Pfizer Company Financial Analysis wRITES CHOICE OF Affirmative Action: Fair or Discriminating?
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By rejecting everything that is associated with their previous outlook and actively absorbing a new, in their opinion, faith and views, people do not notice that they become puppets in the hands of terrorists and extremists Lutz and Lutz In order to commit their criminal acts on both international and regional levels, terrorists are becoming better equipped in terms of resources, as well as tactical, organizational, technical, and informational aspects. Nowadays, terrorist groups rarely take responsibility for attacks, which are becoming more widespread, cruel, inhuman, and bloody Medina and Hepner As a result, both persons and society as a whole feel being increasingly exposed to the danger as there is a feeling of fear and anxiety even in situations when nothing portends tragedy.
However, terrorists are becoming increasingly unscrupulous, choosing for their crimes places that many consider sacred: in different parts of the world explosions occur in churches of various denominations, burial sites, and memorials. Despising life of the people of a certain nation, denomination, and social group, terrorists seek to show their hatred of religion, culture, history, and everything that is treated with reverence and respect. The cult of violence develops, resulting in devaluing of human life and growth of cruelty, cynicism, and mutual hatred Coolsaet Victims of violence often want revenge and retaliation, which are sometimes no less inhuman, thus endangering innocent people.
In this case, political, legal, and social guarantees are often sidelined and conflicts are resolved by violent means. Moreover, response of the state is not always appropriate in terms of the world standards of humanism and democracy. Judging by the provided facts, it is possible to say that the problem of combating international terrorism is multifaceted and has no simple solutions. First of all, it is clear that terrorists have created a powerful and extensive network of criminal organizations around the world. In this regard, the fight against terrorism requires organized and coordinated efforts of all members of the international community. Second, terrorist networks and organizations do not arise without a reason.
Communication channels to smuggle people and weapons across borders that are at the disposal of organized criminal groups who are not engaged in extremist activities are often used by terrorists Nesi Moreover, such groups often use techniques of organizations involved in drug trafficking in their work. This fact indicates that the problem of international terrorism cannot be solved in isolation from addressing issues of drug and human trafficking as well as of the organized crime in general Nesi Therefore, a single country cannot fully address these problems. As noted above, it is necessary to combine efforts of members of the global society to identify causes of terrorism and minimize their effect. Elimination of reasons that push people to aid terrorist organizations is a complex task that will require joint efforts of all members of the international community.
In particular, it is required to narrow the social soil of terrorism: unemployment, poverty, illiteracy, and various forms of discrimination Nesi In conclusion, it is possible to say that the international terrorism has become one of the most dangerous threats to modern civilization. It has its own specificity, which distinguishes it from other issues. However, the problem of terrorism is closely linked to the majority of global problems of modern international relations. Recent terrorist acts, especially the tragic events of September 11, in New York, have become unprecedented in their scope and impact on the future course of the world politics.
By the beginning of the XXI century, the number of victims, as well as size and nature of destruction caused by attacks have become comparable to the effects of armed conflicts and local wars. Responses caused by these attacks have led to the creation of an international coalition against terrorism with dozens of states as its members Nesi Such events have previously occurred only in case of major armed conflicts and wars. Responsive antiterrorist military operations have also acquired a global scale, but the most efficient ways of eradication of this phenomenon are still being determined by the international community although a significant amount of work on resolving this problem has been done.
However, it should be noted that the extent of the spread of terrorism has taken such a nature that no country in the world has full protection from the commission of terrorist acts on its territory. In this regard, along with the most efficient domestic measures aimed at preventing terrorist activities, it is necessary to consider the problem on a global scale and thus develop a strategy to combat it. Without close international cooperation between all subjects of international life, the future of the humanity is unlikely to be safe and peaceful. Terrorist acts generally occur all over the world including United States of America, Europe, Middle East, and Africa.
Most of the terrorist attacks are carried out by the religious ideologists who consider this method as an effective method of solving their conflicts with the powerful countries. This paper tries to bring out the causes, effects and control of terrorism. The causes of International terrorism can be grouped into four main causes which include the ideological, religious, economic and political causes respectively. Terrorism is being practiced by groups of people and some states in general Betts, Richard. The main aim of terrorists is to perform violent acts which cause harm to the population, government and the world at large for example, terrorist attacks that occurred in in Munich Olympics, United States of America embassy bombing in Nairobi, Madrid train attacks and day to day terrorism activities in Middle East countries such as Iraq, Beirut.
Pakistan, Afghanistan. According to Bacevich, Andrew most of the terrorists perceive terrorism as a way of fighting for their freedom which has led to killing of the common and innocent terrorism. But the main cause of terrorism should not be mistaken as most of the terrorist claim that they have been deprived of their human rights, if this may be regarded as the driving factor behind the terrorism activities then in the conflicts existing in the world would have given rise to many instances of terrorism. Many leaders like Mahatma Gandhi struggled for independence peacefully in India by using diplomacy policy and the European people brought down the Berlin wall without fighting. Also, Martin Luther had to campaign for equal human rights in America without resorting to terrorism.
Actually the main principle of terrorism is the doctrine of totalitarianism; the totalitarian regimes are the only ones which can promote terrorism in their territory Binder, Patrice. Most of these religious crusaders are generally dominant in the Asian continent especially in the countries of Pakistan, Afghanistan, Iraq and India respectively. Terrorism is carried out by a group of organized organizations and sometimes it has been found to be sponsored by state governments especially those from Middle East. Terrorist groups have taken roots in the African and Asian continent which they commonly use as the training and attacking bases. Countries such as Pakistan, Afghanistan, Iraq, Indonesia, Iran, and Somalia serve as the major habitants of most terrorist groups.
Al-Qaeda is one of the popular terrorist groups in the world Fouda and Nick, and has claimed of being responsible for most of the terrorism activities in the world. Al-Qaeda group which is coordinated by the most wanted criminal Osama Bin Laden has a strong network which has made it difficult to encounter it. Other groups include the Taliban militants in Afghanistan and Pakistan which coordinate with other Muslim extremists to carry out their activities Beres, Louis. Some states have also opted to sponsor terrorism in the name of defending their religious sovereignty through their leaders by using the evil doctrine of absolutism; these are leaders such as Lenin, Stalin, Hitler, Ayatollahs, Saddam Hussein, and Yasser Arafat. They have used terrorism to justify their goals, which is contrary.
For instance Sadam Hussein claimed that he was defending his people but instead he was trying to oppress his neighbors. Arafat was not trying to establish a nation but instead destroyed his nation by sponsoring the massacres of numerous Jews during his reign. Actually those who fight as terrorist have been found to rule as terrorist Bailey, Kathleen. Most of the terrorist leaders have come to power through military coups and later on rule with a lot of iron fist. Another profound cause of terrorism may be regarded as the economic cause.
Many of the terrorists have been financed by the rich terrorist groups. These terrorists are mostly young youths who have fallen in the hands of poverty which has consequently forced the involved individuals to undertake the activities of terrorism. The envy of poverty and the social misplacement of people in the society have been regarded as the major cause of international terrorism. For example the Islamic Radical Agencies in the city of Sadr in Baghdad have constantly used their financial support tactics which are seen by many terrorist advocates as one way of rendering the humanitarian aid.
Moreover these radicals have constantly argued that they are promoting democracy but instead they are just trying to substantiate their power quest in the name of promoting terrorism. Bouchat, Clarence. The political causes of terrorism can be seen as another profound cause of terrorism in the international wourld. International terrorism dates since the times of the world war and the cold war. This wars generated much development of the weapons of mass destruction which have been used in the terrorist attacks. Many of the terrorist activities which are occurring in the international world have been contributed as a result of political differences. For instance the terrorist activities carried by Somalia terrorist to their neighboring countries such as Kenya has been contributed by the political differences between the government and the Islamic groups respectively who feel that the Somali government is being supported by the Kenyan government and at the same times they argue that Kenya has given United States of America the military training grounds..
Moreover the terrorist activities carried by the Taliban groups from Afghanistan is largely due to the political problems which has existed in the country for more than a decade which has led to the execution of many leaders such as Benazir Bhuto. At the same time most of the terrorist activities has constantly occurred in the North Africa states such as Morocco and Algeria due to some political tensions between the government and the Muslim extremist respectively. The effects of terrorism can be grouped in to three main categories namely; social, economic and political effects respectively. Economic effects are on top of the league compared with other types of effects.
The terrorism activities have constantly led to the reduction of the Foreign Direct Investment of the countries involved since most of the investors fear as a result of lack of security in the countries which they are intending to invest. As a result the economy is reduced since there is less production. At the same time most of the foreign investment may be destroyed as a result of these terrorism activities which have resulted of rooting of the properties during the times of terrorism. The economic effects have been consequently affected by the reduction in the stock exchange in the affected countries. The loss of life leads to the reduction of the manpower which can be used in the provision of the labor to the industries and this also has reduced the markets of the finished goods.
Moreover the governments has consequently spend a lot of money in trying to treat the terrorism casualties and at the same time reconstruct the destroyed properties such as railways,schools,factories and business premises. For example the terrorist activities which occurred in Mumbai India killed many people and destroyed the railway infrastructure which serves as the backbone of the Indian economy and the terrorist activities. Moreover even the terrorist activities which occurred in Madrid, Spain resulted in the destruction of the transport infrastructures which led to the reduction of the economy. Consequently the economic sector has been affected as a result of the reduction of the tourism industry. The foreign industry is greatly inhibited by the terrorism activities since most of the targeted are the tourists who originates from the western countries.
For example the tourism industry of Kenya was negatively affected by the bombing of the American embassy in Nairobi and the bombing of the Mombasa hotel in the coast town of Kenya respectively. The social effects of terrorism activities include the depression of the affected individuals who feel that they lack security. At the same time the terrorist activities have led to the development of negative behaviors in the society. Most of the affected countries have reported the occurrence of the women raping. These negative activities have led to the mental illness to the affected. For example in Iraq, young girls are constantly forced to marry.
Moreover the depression can arise as a result of family displacements which have led to the loss of the family ties. There are so many methods which can be employed to control the international terrorism. These methods include the counter insurgence, direct talks and strengthening the security. Counter insurgence method which is commonly used by the western countries including Britain to encounter terrorism involves the use of the military personnel to encounter the terrorist groups in there hide outs Alavasius, Immediately after the terrorist activities in Afghanistan, president Bush declared a war on terrorism which aimed at capturing Osama Bin Laden and at the same time eradicating the Al-Qaeda network so as to prevent any future attacks which led to the establishment of operations in Afghanistan, and Pakistan.
This operation led to the overthrow of the Taliban rule by the coalition armies led by the United states of America. Counter insurgence has been applied by some countries like Indonesia and Philippines which are opposed to Muslim terrorism Clarke Richard, The internationally affected countries are supposed to respond towards terrorism by providing maximum Security in the transport sector such as the airports, railways and busy commercial centers. Airport screening should be strengthened up to the highest level; this will be done by screening all travelers.
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